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Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is characterized by a multitude of small nodular opacities on chest radiography. Despite ultrasound of the chest gaining wider acceptance as a diagnostic tool of lung infections, sonographic changes of pulmonary miliary TB have not yet been reported. Here, we describe B-lines and comet-tail artifacts disseminated throughout multiple lung areas and a pattern of sub-pleural...
Purpose To provide information about main pregnancy outcomes in HIV–HCV coinfected women and about the possible interactions between HIV and HCV in this particular population. Methods Data from a multicenter observational study of pregnant women with HIV, conducted in Italian University and Hospital Clinics between 2001 and 2015, were used. Eligibility criteria for analysis were HCV coinfection...
Trained infectious diseases (ID) specialists are an integral part of inpatient and outpatient care in many countries, however, these specialized services are established only in selected tertiary care hospitals in Germany. This review summarises studies that addressed the impact of ID consultation services on patient care and outcome. Extensive data for a clinical benefit is available in the context...
Objective To determine factors associated with mortality in burn patients with bacteraemia. Background Previous studies have shown the negative impact of bacteraemia on the prognosis of burn patients, but only a few of these have analysed variables intervening in the clinical progress of these patients. Methods A retrospective study of adult burn patients (n = 73) with bacteraemia (103 episodes)...
Purpose We investigated the clinical performance of (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan (BG), as an early marker of invasive fungal infections (IFI), in different clinical settings. Methods BG serum levels were assessed by Fungitell (Associates of Cape Cod, Inc), in parallel with galactomannan (GM) when requested by clinicians. By a prospective monocentric study, 270 episodes at risk or with suspect of IFI were...
Purpose We evaluated the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcome of candidemia in a single institution from 2010 to 2014. Methods A retrospective observational study of all cases of candidemia was carried out at a University Hospital in Central Italy including five intensive care units (ICUs), 11 medical and 11 surgical wards. Data regarding demographic characteristics and clinical risk...
Purpose Despite established HIV prevention strategies and broadly available diagnostic strategies in developed western countries, rates of HIV new infections remain high. Alternative strategies for HIV prevention, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM), are crucial. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been discussed as one additional option that this review seeks to explore. Methods...
Purpose HIV infection has been associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the reference standard to assess bone mineral density (BMD); however, it is not easily accessible in several settings. Heel Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a radiation-free, easy-to-perform technique, which may help reducing the need for DXA. Methods In...
Purpose This study aimed at assessing the burden and spectrum of infectious diseases (ID) in a Metropolitan population in Germany. Methods A discharge database using ICD-10 codes enabled the identification of hospitalizations with infection-related diagnoses. All hospital admissions between 2009 and 2014 were analysed from 9 municipal hospitals serving approximately one-third of an urban population...
Purpose Infections and subsequent septicemia are major complications in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. Here, we identify biomarker candidates for the early detection of an infectious origin, and monitoring of febrile neutropenia (FN). Methods Proteome, metabolome, and conventional biomarkers from 20 patients with febrile neutropenia without proven infection (FNPI) were compared...
A 30-year-old man with history of neonatal hydrocephalus requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement presented with Mycobacterium abscessus shunt infection despite no shunt manipulation over 10 years prior to presentation. Cure was not achieved until complete removal of all CNS shunt foreign body was performed despite initial adequate antimicrobial therapy.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a common infection after solid-organ transplantation. In the general population CMV disease is associated with Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS), an autoimmune disease leading to an acute peripheral neuropathy, in 1 of 1000 cases. Interestingly, GBS is a rarely observed complication in solid-organ transplant recipients, possibly related to maintenance immunosuppression...
Introduction Acne inversa (AI) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease. It occurs in intertriginous areas of the skin and causes pain, drainage, malodor and scar formation. While supposedly caused by an autoimmune reaction, bacterial superinfection is a secondary event in the disease process. Methods A unique case of a 43-year-old male patient suffering from a recurring AI lesion in...
Purpose To define the clinical presentation of aerococcal infective endocarditis (IE) and the prevalence of synergy between penicillin and gentamicin on aerococcal isolates. Methods Cases of aerococcal IE between 2002 and 2014 were identified in the Swedish Registry of Infective Endocarditis (SRIE). MALDI-TOF MS was used to confirm species determination. The medical records were analysed and compared...
Introduction We report an unusual case of acute acquired toxoplasmosis (AAT) presenting as lymphadenopathy and recurrent seizures in an immunocompetent 15-year-old boy. Materials and methods The patient reported an 18-day vacation to Africa (Ethiopia), 39 days prior to the first seizure. Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed sporadic single-spike or sharp-wave paroxysms and the magnetic resonance imaging...
Francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, is a Gram-negative coccobacillus primarily pathogen for animals and occasionally for humans. The clinical manifestations of tularemia include pneumonia, ulceroglandular, oropharyngeal, or typhoidal disease. Rare manifestations are also described, but to our knowledge, we describe here the first case of F. tularensis aortitis in a human. Diagnosis...
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